CLASS 6, Geography, The Earth in the Solar System

CLASS 6

Geography

The Earth in the Solar System

 

v  Celestial bodies :- The shining objects in the sky such as the sun , the moon ,and etc are known as celestial bodies.

Ø  They also known as stars.

Ø  They are made from gases , are big and hot.

Ø  They emit their own heat and light in large amount.

 

v  Constellations:- In the night sky , the various pattern formed by different group of stars. Ex :- Big Bear , saptarishi ( seven sages).

 

v  Pole Star :- The star which indicates the north direction.

Ø  It is also called the North Star.

Ø  It’s  position is always fixed.

Ø  With the help of “Saptarishi” we can locate the position of the Polar Star.

 

*Planet*

The celestial bodies which do not have their own light and heat, known as planets.

Ø  Planet means ‘wanderers’

Ex – Earth,  Mars , Jupiters etc.

Ø  There are eight planets in the solar system.

Ex :- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

 

*The Solar System*

The group of the celestial body ( sun, moon, asteroids, etc) form the solar system.

Ø  It is also called solar family means the family of the sun.

 

*The Sun*

Ø  Sun is the head of the solar family.

Ø  It is the centre of the solar system.

Ø  It is huge and made up of hot gases.

Ø  It is the ultimate source of energy.

Ø  It is about 150 million km away from the earth.

Ø  Solar system binds dues to the pulling force of the sun.

 

*Planets*

Ø  Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are eight planets in our solar system.

Ø  The first four planets made up of rocks and the remaining for planets are made up of gases and liquids.

Ø  They move around the sun in fixed elongated path known as orbits.

Ø  Mercury is the nearest planet and Neptune is the farthest planet to the sun.

Ø  Venus is known as ‘Earth’s twin’ because its shape and size is much similar to the Earth.

Ø  On Aug 24,2006 , Pluto was considered as the ninth planet of the solar system.

Ø  But after the meeting of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) , a decision was taken that Pluto  is considered as dwarf planets.

 

*The Earth*

Ø  It is the third nearest planet to the sun and fifth largest planet in the solar ststem.

Ø  It is slightly flattened at the poles so, it shape is described as Geoid means an earth like shape.

Ø  It is neither too hot nor too cold, has water and air which makes the possible life on the earth.

Ø  It two- thirds surface is covered with water, so it appears blue from the outer spaces, therefore it is known as a blue planet.

 

*The Moon*

Ø  It is the satellite of the Earth.

v  Satellite :- It is the celestial body that moves around the planet.

Ø  It is about 3,84,400 km away from the Earth.

Ø  It complete one round in 27 days.

Ø  It has no favourable condition for life.

Ø  It has plains, mountains and depression on its surface.

 

*Asteroids*

Ø  There are numerous tiny bodies apart from planets, satellites, stars, which moves around the sun, are known as asteroids.

Ø  They are found between the orbit of Mars and Jupiter.

Ø  It is the part of the planet which exploded many years back.

 

*Meteoroids*

Ø  Small pieces of rock moves around the sun known as meteoroids.

v  Galaxy :- It is huge system of billions of stars and clouds of dust and gases.

Ø  A whitish broad band, like a white glowing  path across the sky on a clear starry night known as Milky Way Galaxy. Our solar system is a part of this Galaxy.

Ø  It ancient time Milky Way Galaxy is known as ‘Akash Ganga’ (River of light).

Ø  There are millions of Galaxies that make the Universe.